---
id: "entity-anthropic-d2"
type: "entity"
source_timestamps: ["¶4", "¶5", "¶14"]
tags: ["gen-ai-company", "defendant"]
related: ["entity-judge-william-alsup", "concept-piracy-caveat", "claim-piracy-financial-risk"]
entityType: "organization"
canonicalName: "Anthropic"
aliases: ["Anthropic PBC"]
canonical_url: "anthropic.com"
sources: ["tail2"]
sourceVaultSlug: "hbr-seg-tail2"
originDay: 2
articleStem: "hbr-tail-126-genai-copyright"
sourceUrl: "https://hbr.org/2025/07/can-gen-ai-and-copyright-coexist"
sourceTitle: "Can Gen AI and Copyright Coexist?"
---
# Anthropic

A major generative-AI company (maker of the Claude models) and the defendant in *Bartz v. Anthropic* (N.D. Cal., 2025), a suit brought by three authors over the use of copyrighted books to train its LLMs.

[[entity-judge-william-alsup]] held that training on *lawfully acquired* books was transformative fair use (see [[concept-fair-use-divergence]], [[quote-alsup-transformative]]), but that Anthropic's downloading and retention of pirated books from sites like LibGen was infringing (see [[concept-piracy-caveat]], [[quote-alsup-piracy]]). Discovery reportedly revealed the use of **7 million pirated books** (see [[concept-shadow-libraries]]), giving rise to the theoretical statutory-damages exposure of up to $1.05 trillion discussed in [[claim-piracy-financial-risk]]. The case reportedly proceeded to class certification and a settlement that included destruction of pirated libraries and derivative copies — a real-world example of the removal remedy behind [[concept-model-retraining-removal]].